ABSTRACT
At the end of 2020 and previous to the second wave of COVID-19 in Mexico, the seroprevalence in unvaccinated people in the state of Campeche, Mexico was below 15 %. The prevalence changes with ongoing pandemic and per geographical areas. Blood donors screening is a powerful and cost-effective alternative to monitor the population's infection exposure. The aim of the study was to estimate IgG anti-SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity in the Campeche's main blood bank in Mexico. This was a cross-sectional study carried out at the main blood bank of the State of Campeche, located in the Yucatan peninsula, Mexico for the period of August through September 2021 during the third wave of the epidemic. A blood sample from 479 blood donors were included in the study, the overall seropositivity for SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies was 69.1 %. Vaccinated donors represented 69.9 % versus 29.4 % unvaccinated. The seropositivity in unvaccinated represented 42.5 % and 81.17 % in vaccinated. The seroconversion in vaccinated donors after first shot was 79 % for Astra-Zeneca-vaccine and 90 % for Pfizer-vaccine. In conclusion 69.1 % of blood donors are seropositive for SARS-CoV-2 and 42.5 percent unvaccinated people are already also seropositive.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , SARS-CoV-2 , Antibodies, Viral , Blood Donors , COVID-19/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Humans , Immunoglobulin G , Mexico/epidemiology , Seroepidemiologic StudiesABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The TMPRSS2 protein has been involved in severe acute respiratory syndrome caused by coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The production is regulated by the androgen receptor (AR). It is speculated that androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) may protect patients affected by prostate cancer (PC) from SARS-CoV-2 infection. METHODS: This is a retrospective study of patients treated for COVID-19 in our institution who had a previous diagnosis of PC. We analyzed the influence of exposure of ADT on the presence of severe course of COVID-19. RESULTS: A total of 2280 patients were treated in our center for COVID-19 with a worse course of disease in males (higher rates of hospitalization, intense care unit [ICU] admission, and death). Out of 1349 subjects registered in our PC database, 156 were on ADT and 1193 were not. Out of those, 61 (4.52%) PC patients suffered from COVID-19, 11 (18.0%) belonged to the ADT group, and 50 (82.0%) to the non-ADT group. Regarding the influence of ADT on the course of the disease, statistically significant differences were found neither in the death rate (27.3% vs. 34%; p = 0.481), nor in the presence of severe COVID-19: need for intubation or ICU admission (0% vs. 6.3%; p = 0.561) and need for corticoid treatment, interferon beta, or tocilizumab (60% vs. 34.7%; p = 0.128). Multivariate analysis adjusted for clinically relevant comorbidities did not find that ADT was a protective factor for worse clinical evolution (risk ratio [RR] 1.08; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.64-1.83; p = 0.77) or death (RR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.26-1.74; p = 0.41). CONCLUSIONS: Our study confirms that COVID-19 is more severe in men. However, the use of ADT in patients with PC was not shown to prevent the risk of severe COVID-19.
Subject(s)
Androgen Antagonists/therapeutic use , COVID-19/epidemiology , Prostatic Neoplasms/drug therapy , Prostatic Neoplasms/epidemiology , SARS-CoV-2 , Severity of Illness Index , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , COVID-19/mortality , COVID-19/therapy , Comorbidity , Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data , Humans , Intensive Care Units/statistics & numerical data , Male , Middle Aged , Neoplasm Staging , Prostatic Neoplasms/pathology , Retrospective Studies , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
OBJETIVOS: Las directrices y recomendaciones de la buena práctica clínica se han visto trastocadas por las nuevas y urgentes prioridades, marcadas po rla pandemia COVID-19. El carcinoma urotelial es una enfermedad de prevalencia significativa en España, cuya población se ha visto muy afectada por la COVID-19, directamente por la enfermedad e indirectamente por el confinamiento. El objetivo de este trabajo es ofrecer recomendaciones sobre protocolos y circuitos asistenciales ajustados a diferentes fases de la pandemia. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: El presente documento sobre el manejo del carcinoma vesical, se basa en la escasa evidencia sobre la práctica oncológica urológica durante los primeros meses de la pandemia y en la experiencia de los autores en esta patología durante la crisis del COVID-19. En ella, han participado expertos hospitalarios en patología infecciosa y radiodiagnóstico para diseñar una estrategia común y reorganizar así la actividad. RESULTADOS: Se presentan distintas propuestas de tratamiento y seguimiento de los pacientes diagnosticados de cáncer vesical ajustados al riesgo oncológico en las diferentes fases de la pandemia. CONCLUSIONES: La velocidad de expansión de la pandemia era inimaginable hace solo unos meses. Los sistemas sanitarios se han visto sacudidos por la enfermedad en las fases más críticas. Es necesario, en estos momentos, realizar un esfuerzo más para desarrollar herramientas que puedan facilitar la asistencia del carcinoma vesical y minimizar el impacto y los riesgos para los pacientes y los profesionales de la salud en el futuro OBJECTIVES: The guidelines and recommendations of good clinical practice have been disrupted by new and urgent policies, marked by the COVID-19 pandemic. Urothelial carcinoma has a significant prevalence in Spain, whose population has been greatly affected by COVID-19, directly by the disease and indirectly by the confinement. The objective of this work is to offer recommendations on protocols and guidelines adjusted to different phases of the pandemic. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This document on the management of bladder carcinoma is based on few evidence on urological oncological practice during the first months of the pandemic and on the authors'experience in this pathology during the crisis of COVID-19. Hospital experts in infectious disseases and radiology have participated to design a common strategy to reorganize the activity. RESULTS: Different proposals for treatment and follow-up of patients diagnosed with bladder cancer adjusted for oncological risk and the different phases of the pandemic are presented. CONCLUSIONS: The pandemic's spread was unimaginable just a few months ago. Health systems have been shaken by the disease in the most critical phases. It is necessary, at this time, to make an additional effort to develop tools that can facilitate the care of bladder carcinoma and minimize the impact and risks for patients and health professionals in the future